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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 41-45, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838769

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for treatment of corneal scarring caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis, and whether the corneal scar type affects treatment outcome. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent PK for HSV-related corneal scarring between January 2008 and July 2011 was performed. The patients were categorized into two groups. Group 1 consisted of patients with a quiescent herpetic corneal scar and group 2 consisted of patients who developed a corneal descemetocele or perforation secondary to persistent epithelial defects with no active stromal inflammation. The mean follow-up was 21.30 ± 14.59 months. The main parameters evaluated were recurrence of herpetic keratitis, graft rejection, graft failure, visual acuity, and graft survival rate. Results: There were 42 patients in group 1 and 13 in group 2. Preoperative BCVA varied from hand movements to 0.7 logMAR. Postoperatively, 34 patients (61.8%) achieved visual acuity of 0.6 logMAR or more. Recurrence of HSV keratitis was noted in 12 (28.57%) eyes in group 1 and 4 (30.76%) eyes in group 2 (p=0.40). Graft rejection occurred in 4 eyes (9.52%) in group 1 and in 3 (23.07%) eyes in group 2 (p=0.58). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year graft survival rates were 91.9%, 76.0%, and 65.1% in group 1, and 89.5%, 76.0%, and 63.6% in group 2 (p=0.91), respectively. Conclusions: Although there were different recurrence and graft rejection rates for two groups, the graft survival rates at 3 years were similar. According to our results, without inflammation, corneal herpetic scarring with a descemetocele or perforation achieved similar graft survival rates with quiescent herpetic corneal scars.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os resultados da ceratoplastia penetrante (PK) para o tratamento da cicatriz da córnea consequente à ceratite por Herpes simplex vírus (HSV), e se o tipo de cicatriz na córnea afeta o resultado cirúrgico. Métodos: Foi realizada análise retrospectiva dos pacientes, submetidos à PK para a cicatriz da córnea relacionados com o HSV entre janeiro de 2008 e julho de 2011. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. Grupo 1 consistiu de pacientes que tiveram cicatriz corneana herpética quiescente e grupo 2 consistiu de pacientes que desenvolveram descemetocele ou perfuração córnea secundária a defeitos epiteliais persistentes sem inflamação estromal ativa. O seguimento médio foi de 21,30 ± 14,59 meses. Os principais parâmetros avaliados foram recorrência de ceratite herpética, rejeição de enxerto, falência do enxerto, acuidade visual e taxa de sobrevida do enxerto. Resultados: Foram avaliados 42 pacientes do grupo 1 e 13 doentes do grupo 2. Acuidade visual pré-operatória variou de movimentos das mãos (HM) para 0,7 logMAR. No pós-operatório, 34 pacientes (61,8%) atingiram acuidade visual de 0,6 logMAR ou melhor. Doze olhos (28,57%) tiveram recorrência de HSV ceratite no grupo 1, e quatro olhos (30,76%) tiveram recorrência no grupo 2 (p=0,40). A rejeição do enxerto ocorreu em 4 olhos (9,52%) no grupo 1, e em 3 olhos do grupo 2 (23,07%; p=0,58), taxa de sobrevivência do enxerto foi de 91,9% a 1 ano, 76,0% aos 2 anos e 65,1% aos 3 anos no grupo 1, e 89,5% a 1 ano, 76,0% aos 2 anos e 63,6% aos 3 anos no grupo 2 (p=0,91). Conclusões: Embora diferentes taxas de recorrência e de rejeição do enxerto foram encontradas nos dois grupos, a taxa de sobrevida do enxerto em 3 anos foi semelhantes nos dois grupos. De acordo com nossos resultados, em casos sem inflamação, a cicatriz herpética da córnea com descemetocele ou perfuração demonstra as taxas de sobrevivência do enxerto semelhantes às da cicatriz corneana herpética quiescente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Corneal Injuries/surgery , Graft Rejection , Graft Survival , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Keratitis, Herpetic/surgery , Corneal Injuries/virology
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(4): 330-332, July-Aug. 2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-794879

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O surgimento de uma membrana fibrótica opacificada na córnea transplantada é pouco descrito nas literaturas nacional e mundial. O objetivo é relatar o caso de um paciente com leucoma total de olho esquerdo que foi submetido à ceratoplastia penetrante levando a formação de dupla câmara anterior devido ao surgimento de uma membrana fibrótica cicatricial. Paciente do sexo masculino, 54 anos, com leucoma total secundário a ceratite herpética, diabético há 20 anos, em uso de insulina, com retinopatia diabética não proliferativa. Realizou-se cirurgia de membranectomia com complicações pós-operatória.


ABSTRACT The emergence of opaque fibrotic membrane in transplanted cornea is little described in national and world literature. The goal is to report the case of a patient with leucoma total of left eye that was submitted to the penetrating keratoplasty leading to formation of double anterior chamber due to the emergence of a fibrotic scar membrane. Male patient, 54 years, with total herpetic keratitis secondary leucoma, diabetic for 20 years, using insulin, with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Held membranectomia surgery with postoperative complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Fibrosis/etiology , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Cicatrix/metabolism , Anterior Chamber/pathology , Postoperative Complications , Fibrosis/surgery , Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cicatrix/surgery , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Corneal Opacity/surgery , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Graft Rejection , Graft Survival , Membranes/surgery , Anterior Chamber/surgery
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 70(1): 41-45, jan.-fev. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-581593

ABSTRACT

A necrose retiniana aguda é uma rara e devastadora retinite necrotizante, que pode ser causada pelo vírus herpes simples tipo 1 ou 2. Afeta tipicamente pacientes saudáveis de todas as idades. Este estudo é um relato de caso de um paciente de 18 anos, previamente hígido, que apresentou necrose aguda de retina por presumível etiologia viral por herpes simples, e descreve sua apresentação clínica e ultrassonográfica. Por não ter sido diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, a necrose retiniana aguda cumpriu sua história natural e evoluiu para um quadro compatível com endoftalmite.


The acute retinal necrosis is a rare and devastating necrotizing retinitis, which can be caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. It typically affects healthy patients of all ages. This study report a case of 18 year-old healthy male patient, with the the diagnosis of the acute retinal necrosis due to herpes simplex, and presents its clinical and ultrassonographic features. The acute retinal necrosis results in endofthalmitis because of lack of early diagnosis and therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Eye Infections, Viral , Endophthalmitis/diagnosis , Herpes Simplex/complications , Retina/pathology , Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute/etiology
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 70(1): 165-167, jan.-fev. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-453150

ABSTRACT

A infecção por Herpes simplex vírus (HSV) é causa freqüente de inflamação intra-ocular ou uveíte anterior. A hipertensão ocular é característica comumente observada nas ceratouveítes herpéticas. Neste relato descrevemos o acúmulo de fluido e descolamento do "flap" corneano da ceratomileusis, no pós-operatório tardio de LASIK (28 meses), associado a quadro hipertensivo ocular secundário a ceratouveíte herpética. Este achado corrobora a suposição que a cicatrização corneana após LASIK seja apenas parcial e o espaço virtual produzido pela ceratomileuisis permaneça indefinidamente. Condições de aumento excessivo da pressão intra-ocular podem causar edema corneano com acúmulo de fluido da interface.


Herpes simplex virus infection is a frequent cause of intraocular inflammation or anterior uveitis. Ocular hypertension is a common feature in herpetic keratouveitis. We describe a fluid accumulation and flap displacement in late postoperative period (28 months) of LASIK associated with ocular hypertension caused by herpetic keratouveitis. This finding supports the theory that flap attachment after LASIK is only partial and the virtual space remains indefinitely. The presence of ocular hypertension may lead to corneal edema and fluid accumulation in the interface.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Corneal Edema/etiology , Glaucoma/complications , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Postoperative Complications , Uveitis/complications , Aqueous Humor , Glaucoma/etiology , Uveitis/virology
5.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2006 Mar; 54(1): 23-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-72083

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To record the natural history of herpes simplex keratitis and estimate visual impairment in eyes of patients diagnosed with herpes simplex keratitis. MATERIALS: This was a retrospective, descriptive case study for five years of the eyes of patients with clinically diagnosed herpes simplex keratitis. These patients had presented to the cornea services and a cornea specialist carried out the ocular examination under slit-lamp magnification. The medical records were reviewed by the authors. Visual acuity at presentation and clinical details on examination were recorded and, diagnosis of the stage of disease given in the case record was noted. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square-test and Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Of a total of 212 patients (220 eyes), there were 144 males and 68 females; 118 eyes presented with stromal lesions, 44 eyes with epithelial lesions, 39 eyes with epithelial and stromal lesions and 19 eyes with endothelitis. The improvement in visual acuity to more than 20/40 in the four clinical groups was 23 out of 44 eyes with epithelial lesion (52.27%), 83 out of the 118 eyes with stromal lesions (70.33%), 23 out of 39 eyes with epithelial and stromal lesions (58.97%) and 8 out of the 19 eyes with endothelitis (42.10%). The mean improvement in visual acuity was 3.44 lines (SD +/- 4.06). CONCLUSION: Most patients had mild disease. The majority of the patients attained the final visual acuity of 6/12 or better in the affected eye. Thus, there was only a temporary visual morbidity with fairly good functional visual outcome in majority of the patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Cornea/pathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Vision, Low/etiology , Visual Acuity
6.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 96(2): 77-83, Mar.-Apr. 2004.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411071

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Uveitis in herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular disease is usually associated with corneal stromal disease. It has generally been believed that herpetic uveitis in the absence of corneal disease is very rare. When seen it is usually attributed to varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections. The diagnosis of uveitis caused by herpes simplex is often not diagnosed resulting in inadequate treatment and a poor visual result. METHODS: Seven patients from a large uveitis practice who presented with a clinical picture of: anterior uveitis and sectoral iris atrophy without keratitis, a syndrome highly suggestive of herpetic infection, are reported. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done in the aqueous of four of them and was positive for HSV. One patient had bilateral disease. Most of the patients also had severe secondary glaucoma. RESULTS: Of the seven patients presented five had no history of any previous corneal disease. Two had a history of previous dendritic keratitis which was not active at the time of uveitis development. One patient with bilateral disease was immunosuppressed at the time when the uveitis developed. Six of the seven patients had elevated intraocular pressures at the time of uveitis and five required glaucoma surgery. Intractable glaucoma developed in two patients leading to rapid and severe visual loss despite aggressive management. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that uveitis without corneal involvement may be a more frequent manifestation of ocular herpes simplex disease than previously thought. Absence of corneal involvement delays a correct diagnosis and may worsen visual outcome. Primary herpetic uveitis (when there is no history of previous corneal disease) seems to be more severe than the uveitis in patients with previous corneal recurrences. The associated glaucoma may be a devastating complication


Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Humans , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Uveitis, Anterior/virology , Atrophy , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction , Chronic Disease , Cataract/complications , Keratitis, Dendritic/complications , Keratitis, Herpetic/diagnosis , Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/etiology , Glaucoma/surgery , Aqueous Humor/virology , Iris/pathology , Simplexvirus/isolation & purification , Trifluridine , Uveitis, Anterior/complications , Uveitis, Anterior/diagnosis , Uveitis, Anterior/drug therapy
7.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1999 Sep; 47(3): 155-65
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-71786

ABSTRACT

Chronic infection of the cornea by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) continues to be an important cause of unilateral blindness. Despite considerable progress in the understanding of the virus at cellular and molecular levels, the prospect of prevention still appears to be long way off. The development of non-toxic topical antiviral agents has been an important step forward in management. However, correct diagnosis and treatment, in particular, the avoidance of inappropriate use of topical steroid remains as important as ever. This article reviews the virological and clinical aspects of HSV keratitis including the current concepts of pathogenesis and management.


Subject(s)
Cornea/drug effects , Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification , Humans , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications
8.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 56(2): 63-6, 1999. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-274674

ABSTRACT

Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, en el cual investigadores entrenados seleccionaron y siguieron clínica y virológicamente (aislamiento viral, anticuerpos monoclonales y PCR) pacientes de 0 a 18 años de edad con diagnóstico clínico de infección ocular por HSV. Se efectuó determinación de la agudeza visual (AV) por el Test de Mirada Preferencial, HOTV, E Snellen u optotipos de Snellen, con la mejor corrección óptica, examen refractivo bajo cicloplegia, estudio completo de estrabismo, topografía, paquimetría y fotografía. Se enrolaron entre 1993 a 1997 16 niños, dos de ellos con compromiso bilateral (18 ojos). En todos salvo un niño, se identificó HSV tipo I. Mediana de edad 5 años. El diagnóstico de ingreso fue el edema disciforme en 45 por ciento y en 33 por ciento de los casos una queratitis epitelial dendrítica. El 87,5 por ciento de los pacientes con edema disciforme presentó al menos una recurrencia por año. Los pacientes con compromiso epiteliar presentaron en todos los casos AV > 20/40, a diferencia de los pacientes con edema disciforme en que 71,4 por ciento presentaron AV final < de 20/50. El leucoma corneal fue severo en 62,5 por ciento de los ojos con edema disciforme y desarrollaron estrabismo 50 por ciento de los casos. En tres casos se requiere trasplante corneal. La enfermedad ocular herpética afecta principalmente a población joven y sana. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el edema disciforme que presentó evolución crónica, requirió un gran número de consultas médicas y de tratamiento prolongado (entre 3 y 6 meses) y presentaron la mayor frecuencia de secualas. En general, el 78 por ciento de los pacientes estudiados desarrolló algún tipo de secuela visual


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Herpes Simplex/complications , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Strabismus/etiology , Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Keratitis, Herpetic/diagnosis , Keratitis, Herpetic/etiology , Simplexvirus/isolation & purification , Simplexvirus/pathogenicity
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 56(2): 55-61, 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-134077

ABSTRACT

A gravidade da ocorrência das uveítes, aliada à diversidade de suas apresentaçöes e à necessidade do reconhecimento adequado de possíveis complicaçöes (oculares e sistêmicas), das condutas para diagnóstico e encaminhamentos, das alternativas terapêuticas e prognósticas, sobrepassam a importância referente ao atendimento específico de um caso, para se converter num intrincado e fascinante exercício da arte médica. É aí, principalmente, que o oftalmologista se encontra com o clínico para se debruçarem sobre um dos assuntos que mais tem recebido atençöes, ultimamente: o sistema das imunidades e biocompatibilidades. Trata-se de um artigo de atualizaçäo


Subject(s)
Humans , Eye Manifestations , Uveitis/diagnosis , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/complications , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/complications , Uveitis/complications , Uveitis/pathology , Uveitis/therapy
10.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 25-27, 1993.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-208006

ABSTRACT

Corneal neovascularization, which is associated with complications in corneal diseases, can cause lipid deposit, decreasing vision, and graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Corneal laser photocoagulation using an argon laser or yellow dye laser for ablation of corneal neovascularization has been described. We performed corneal argon laser photocoagulation (CALP) in two male patients with corneal neovascularization after herpetic keratitis. One PKP was performed after CALP and restored good vision with no rejection of the graft during an 8 month follow-up period. In the other case we observed visual improvement and no recurrence of corneal neovascularization after CALP.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Corneal Neovascularization/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Laser Coagulation , Visual Acuity
11.
Arq. Inst. Penido Burnier ; 34(2): 77-9, jul. 1992. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-150538

ABSTRACT

Estudou-se a incidência da síndrome de Urrets-Zavalia em 288 ceratoplastias penetrantes realizadas no Instituto Penido Burnier no período de janeiro 1985 a dezembro de 1989. A síndrome foi constatada em 17 pacientes (6,34 por cento). A idade variou entre 2 e 73 anos (média de 32,65 anos). A prevalência foi no sexo masculino. A isquemia transoperatória da íris foi considerada fator mor para desencadeamento da pupila parética. Em olhos ceratocônicos, o enfraquecimento congruente de todo o segmento anterior, além da alteraçäo ectásica da córnea, parece contribuir para o aparecimento do processo


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Keratitis, Herpetic/complications , Keratoconus/complications , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Mydriatics/adverse effects , Pupil/drug effects
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